In addition, DP meters are sensitive to flow profile and require either a fairly long straight run or an upstream flow conditioner.
One of the cookies this site uses is essential for parts of the site to operate and has already been set. This contrasts with the position on electric meters, where the test is free and a refund is only given if the date that the meter started to read inaccurately can be determined. To find out more about the cookies this site uses and how to delete them, please see the, Platinum Jubilee Statement from the IGEM President and CEO, Applies to inlet pressures exceeding 38 bar and not exceeding 100 bar. When the fluid within the displaced section is at rest, both the upstream and downstream portion of the displaced section will vibrate in phase with each other. These thread sizes were originally named for the amount of gas designed to flow through them in terms of gas lamps, for example a 30-Lt. meter can provide enough gas for 30 lights and was referred to in the late 19th century as a 30-light-gas-meter.
A small internal turbine measures the speed of the gas, which is transmitted mechanically to a mechanical or electronic counter. Managing challenges Each stage in the natural gas supply chain presents its own challenges and opportunities for gas flow measurement-either fiscal or custody transfer. Both technologies involve transducers that are simply clamped on to the pipe and programmed with the pipe size and schedule and can be used to calculate flow. Energoflow GFA-202 Flow meters can be used as part of metering units of gas distribution points, industrial enterprises and communal service installation. The approximate number of meters per one concentrator ranges from 200 to 300 units. (and, in fact, are often one or two pipe sizes smaller than the lines in which they are installed, which contributes to pressure drop). Clamp-on meters are available for measuring liquid flow as well. Reference Rotary Gas Meters EFS-R
An orifice gas meter consists of a straight length of pipe inside which a precisely known orifice plate creates a pressure drop, thereby affecting flow. 
Energoflow GFA-202 1 / 1 with optical port and built-in wireless modem; 0 / 0 without optical port and wireless modem.
Because the accuracy of an ultrasonic meter depends on the accuracy with which the flow profile inside the instrument is known, ultrasonic meters for custody transfer applications generally use a minimum of four paths. 3 deals with a broad range of issues relating to orifice metering of natural gas, and it specifies an algorithm for calculating natural gas flow rates based on the differential pressure, static pressure, and temperature of a gas with a known composition. Next, the gas goes to natural gas liquid separators and perhaps a debutanizer and/or an H2S separator. Energoflow GFE-202 and GFE-201 are state-of-art ultrasonic gas flow meters designed for accurate and reliable measurement of flow velocity, volumetric flow rate and volume of gaseous substances (gases) transported through pipelines in the forward or reverse direction. It stores date/time-stamped volume records in memory long enough for a host system to retrieve the records as well as to allow time for human intervention if this retrieval fails to occur.
%
Orifice meters are a very commonly used type of meter, and because of their widespread use, the characteristics of gas flow through an orifice meter have been closely studied. Utility customers are billed according to the heat available in the gas. Ultrasonic flow meters are more complex than meters that are purely mechanical, as they require significant signal processing and computation capabilities. Meters whose accuracy is disputed by the customer have to be removed for testing by an approved meter examiner. Washington, DC: American Gas Association. By Dan Hackett, Emerson Process Management, By using this website, you agree to our use of cookies. Any refund is limited to the previous six years. Remote reading is becoming popular for gas meters. Because the volume of gas is inferred by the flow, it is important that flow conditions are good. EIA predicts that by 2035, shale gas will account for nearly half of all U.S. gas production (see Figure 1). To measure either mass or volumetric flow, they must be corrected for density (mass) or temperature, pressure, and gas composition to obtain a standard reading. It is often done through an electronic pulse output mounted on the meter. This is known by several names as the calorific value, heating value, or therm value.
9x'e;IyYT^/8:y,={aOT+ijM8~? The calorific value of natural gas can be obtained using a process gas chromatograph, which measures the amount of each constituent of the gas, namely: Additionally, to convert from volume to thermal energy, the pressure and temperature of the gas must be taken into consideration.
Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Reference Rotary Gas Meters EFS-R are intended for installation on reference calibration rigs for calibration and verification of gas meters of any type with air as operating environment. There are different styles available but most common is a contact closure switch. (1880) P. 224, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Flow conditioning#Effects on flow measurement devices, http://www.gasproductssales.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/swivel-nuts.pdf, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gas_meter&oldid=1093440848, Articles needing additional references from September 2014, All articles needing additional references, Articles with limited geographic scope from February 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 16 June 2022, at 16:50. for custody transfer measurement of natural gas. Energoflow GFE-202 and GFE-201 are state-of-art ultrasonic gas flow meters designed for accurate and reliable measurement of flow velocity, volumetric flow rate and volume of gaseous substances (gases) transported through pipelines in the forward or reverse direction. Diaphragm gas meters are positive displacement meters. From the knockout pot, the gas flows to a dehydrator to remove water vapor and perhaps to a micro-membrane separator to remove excess CO2. To resume gas supply, the person using the equipment must press a special button or complete the procedure in any other prescribed manner. [3] However, the European Measuring Instrument Directive has harmonised gas meter errors across Europe and consequently meters manufactured since the directive came into force must read within 3%. Again, owing to the amount of inference, analog control and calculation intrinsic to a coriolis meter, the meter is not complete with just its physical components. A number of six-path and eight-path meters have been introduced, but research (Klaus Zanker, Letton Hall Group, and Tom Mooney, Emerson Process Management [now with BP]), "Limits on Achieving Improved Performance from Gas Ultrasonic Meters and Possible Solutions," presented at the 30th International North Sea Flow Measurement Workshop, Oct. 23-26, 2012) has shown that little is gained by exceeding four paths. Ringstrasse 28, CH-4600 Olten, Switzerland, Limits of relative error under normal conditions in the range of flow rates from Qmin to Qt, %, not more, Limits of relative error under normal conditions in the range of flow rates from Qt to Qmax , %, not more. Such meters can be used to measure almost any dry gas including natural gas, nitrogen, compressed air, and steam. Any significant error in the registered volume can represent a loss to the gas supplier, or the consumer being overbilled. to design, engineering and manufacture of flow-metering solutions and related products based on the modern ultrasonic technology. Gas meters are used at residential, commercial, and industrial buildings that consume fuel gas supplied by a gas utility. [4] If the meter is found to be reading outside of the prescribed limits, the supplier has to refund the consumer for gas incorrectly measured while that consumer had that meter (but not vice versa). Ultrasonic gas flow meters Energoflow GFE-211 and GFE-212 are a brilliant example of genial engineering for achieving optimal solution for gas flow measurement in large pipes and in cases where installation of inline meters is technically or commercial not viable. The enormous value of gas involved makes accuracy essential.
The complex can be used for reliable measurement of volumetric data of various gaseous media for custody transfer applications. Others are corrected for temperature electronically. The operating principle is similar to that of a Roots blower. The quality of the gas is measured and adjusted for in each billing cycle. DP meters measure only differential head. The meter creates a 'ping' with the transducer and measures the time elapsed before the sensor receives the sonic pulse. These generally are 8- to 10-in. The volume of gas flow provided by a gas meter is just that, a reading of volume. Such devices are based on two types of technology: (1) time of flight or transit time; and (2) cross correlation.
Gas meters measure a defined volume, regardless of the pressurized quantity or quality of the gas flowing through the meter. Pressure is generally not a problem; the meter is simply installed immediately downstream of a pressure regulator and is calibrated to read accurately at that pressure.
As long as accuracy is reasonable, and repeatability is acceptable, a DP meter is the logical choice. They do not need pressure and temperature compensation for fluid properties. However, the additional paths usually are provided as a separate flowmeter within the same flowmeter body as a means of checking the overall operation of the meter (see Figure 5).
Simple volumetric flow measurement technology is not the only consideration because the ultimate measurement-and what the customer pays for-is energy delivered.
In addition, a Coriolis meter can detect the onset of two-phase flow. Coriolis meters are physically large, relatively expensive, and produce pressure drop (see Figure 3). A gas meter is a specialized flow meter, used to measure the volume of fuel gases such as natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas. The use of Coriolis meters for custody transfer is governed by AGA-11. for custody transfer measurement of natural gas. Flow measurement is critical at all points of the supply chain. All forms of fiscal measurement can be affected by product quality, fluid properties and composition, operating parameters, maintenance practices, and technology type. gas or degasified hydrocarbon gas for households and public, utilities adjusting the measured gas volume, and displaying the, amount of consumed gas on the meter indicator with the ability. These are the most common type of gas meter, seen in almost all residential and small commercial installations. Reference Rotary Gas Meters EFS-R are intended for installation on reference calibration rigs for calibration and verification of gas meters of any type with air as operating environment. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly.
One of the cookies this site uses is essential for parts of the site to operate and has already been set. This contrasts with the position on electric meters, where the test is free and a refund is only given if the date that the meter started to read inaccurately can be determined. To find out more about the cookies this site uses and how to delete them, please see the, Platinum Jubilee Statement from the IGEM President and CEO, Applies to inlet pressures exceeding 38 bar and not exceeding 100 bar. When the fluid within the displaced section is at rest, both the upstream and downstream portion of the displaced section will vibrate in phase with each other. These thread sizes were originally named for the amount of gas designed to flow through them in terms of gas lamps, for example a 30-Lt. meter can provide enough gas for 30 lights and was referred to in the late 19th century as a 30-light-gas-meter.
A small internal turbine measures the speed of the gas, which is transmitted mechanically to a mechanical or electronic counter. Managing challenges Each stage in the natural gas supply chain presents its own challenges and opportunities for gas flow measurement-either fiscal or custody transfer. Both technologies involve transducers that are simply clamped on to the pipe and programmed with the pipe size and schedule and can be used to calculate flow. Energoflow GFA-202 Flow meters can be used as part of metering units of gas distribution points, industrial enterprises and communal service installation. The approximate number of meters per one concentrator ranges from 200 to 300 units. (and, in fact, are often one or two pipe sizes smaller than the lines in which they are installed, which contributes to pressure drop). Clamp-on meters are available for measuring liquid flow as well. Reference Rotary Gas Meters EFS-R
An orifice gas meter consists of a straight length of pipe inside which a precisely known orifice plate creates a pressure drop, thereby affecting flow. Energoflow GFA-202 1 / 1 with optical port and built-in wireless modem; 0 / 0 without optical port and wireless modem.
Because the accuracy of an ultrasonic meter depends on the accuracy with which the flow profile inside the instrument is known, ultrasonic meters for custody transfer applications generally use a minimum of four paths. 3 deals with a broad range of issues relating to orifice metering of natural gas, and it specifies an algorithm for calculating natural gas flow rates based on the differential pressure, static pressure, and temperature of a gas with a known composition. Next, the gas goes to natural gas liquid separators and perhaps a debutanizer and/or an H2S separator. Energoflow GFE-202 and GFE-201 are state-of-art ultrasonic gas flow meters designed for accurate and reliable measurement of flow velocity, volumetric flow rate and volume of gaseous substances (gases) transported through pipelines in the forward or reverse direction. It stores date/time-stamped volume records in memory long enough for a host system to retrieve the records as well as to allow time for human intervention if this retrieval fails to occur.
% Orifice meters are a very commonly used type of meter, and because of their widespread use, the characteristics of gas flow through an orifice meter have been closely studied. Utility customers are billed according to the heat available in the gas. Ultrasonic flow meters are more complex than meters that are purely mechanical, as they require significant signal processing and computation capabilities. Meters whose accuracy is disputed by the customer have to be removed for testing by an approved meter examiner. Washington, DC: American Gas Association. By Dan Hackett, Emerson Process Management, By using this website, you agree to our use of cookies. Any refund is limited to the previous six years. Remote reading is becoming popular for gas meters. Because the volume of gas is inferred by the flow, it is important that flow conditions are good. EIA predicts that by 2035, shale gas will account for nearly half of all U.S. gas production (see Figure 1). To measure either mass or volumetric flow, they must be corrected for density (mass) or temperature, pressure, and gas composition to obtain a standard reading. It is often done through an electronic pulse output mounted on the meter. This is known by several names as the calorific value, heating value, or therm value.
9x'e;IyYT^/8:y,={aOT+ijM8~? The calorific value of natural gas can be obtained using a process gas chromatograph, which measures the amount of each constituent of the gas, namely: Additionally, to convert from volume to thermal energy, the pressure and temperature of the gas must be taken into consideration.
Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Reference Rotary Gas Meters EFS-R are intended for installation on reference calibration rigs for calibration and verification of gas meters of any type with air as operating environment. There are different styles available but most common is a contact closure switch. (1880) P. 224, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Flow conditioning#Effects on flow measurement devices, http://www.gasproductssales.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/swivel-nuts.pdf, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gas_meter&oldid=1093440848, Articles needing additional references from September 2014, All articles needing additional references, Articles with limited geographic scope from February 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 16 June 2022, at 16:50. for custody transfer measurement of natural gas. Energoflow GFE-202 and GFE-201 are state-of-art ultrasonic gas flow meters designed for accurate and reliable measurement of flow velocity, volumetric flow rate and volume of gaseous substances (gases) transported through pipelines in the forward or reverse direction. Diaphragm gas meters are positive displacement meters. From the knockout pot, the gas flows to a dehydrator to remove water vapor and perhaps to a micro-membrane separator to remove excess CO2. To resume gas supply, the person using the equipment must press a special button or complete the procedure in any other prescribed manner. [3] However, the European Measuring Instrument Directive has harmonised gas meter errors across Europe and consequently meters manufactured since the directive came into force must read within 3%. Again, owing to the amount of inference, analog control and calculation intrinsic to a coriolis meter, the meter is not complete with just its physical components. A number of six-path and eight-path meters have been introduced, but research (Klaus Zanker, Letton Hall Group, and Tom Mooney, Emerson Process Management [now with BP]), "Limits on Achieving Improved Performance from Gas Ultrasonic Meters and Possible Solutions," presented at the 30th International North Sea Flow Measurement Workshop, Oct. 23-26, 2012) has shown that little is gained by exceeding four paths. Ringstrasse 28, CH-4600 Olten, Switzerland, Limits of relative error under normal conditions in the range of flow rates from Qmin to Qt, %, not more, Limits of relative error under normal conditions in the range of flow rates from Qt to Qmax , %, not more. Such meters can be used to measure almost any dry gas including natural gas, nitrogen, compressed air, and steam. Any significant error in the registered volume can represent a loss to the gas supplier, or the consumer being overbilled. to design, engineering and manufacture of flow-metering solutions and related products based on the modern ultrasonic technology. Gas meters are used at residential, commercial, and industrial buildings that consume fuel gas supplied by a gas utility. [4] If the meter is found to be reading outside of the prescribed limits, the supplier has to refund the consumer for gas incorrectly measured while that consumer had that meter (but not vice versa). Ultrasonic gas flow meters Energoflow GFE-211 and GFE-212 are a brilliant example of genial engineering for achieving optimal solution for gas flow measurement in large pipes and in cases where installation of inline meters is technically or commercial not viable. The enormous value of gas involved makes accuracy essential.
The complex can be used for reliable measurement of volumetric data of various gaseous media for custody transfer applications. Others are corrected for temperature electronically. The operating principle is similar to that of a Roots blower. The quality of the gas is measured and adjusted for in each billing cycle. DP meters measure only differential head. The meter creates a 'ping' with the transducer and measures the time elapsed before the sensor receives the sonic pulse. These generally are 8- to 10-in. The volume of gas flow provided by a gas meter is just that, a reading of volume. Such devices are based on two types of technology: (1) time of flight or transit time; and (2) cross correlation.
Gas meters measure a defined volume, regardless of the pressurized quantity or quality of the gas flowing through the meter. Pressure is generally not a problem; the meter is simply installed immediately downstream of a pressure regulator and is calibrated to read accurately at that pressure.
As long as accuracy is reasonable, and repeatability is acceptable, a DP meter is the logical choice. They do not need pressure and temperature compensation for fluid properties. However, the additional paths usually are provided as a separate flowmeter within the same flowmeter body as a means of checking the overall operation of the meter (see Figure 5).
Simple volumetric flow measurement technology is not the only consideration because the ultimate measurement-and what the customer pays for-is energy delivered.
In addition, a Coriolis meter can detect the onset of two-phase flow. Coriolis meters are physically large, relatively expensive, and produce pressure drop (see Figure 3). A gas meter is a specialized flow meter, used to measure the volume of fuel gases such as natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas. The use of Coriolis meters for custody transfer is governed by AGA-11. for custody transfer measurement of natural gas. Flow measurement is critical at all points of the supply chain. All forms of fiscal measurement can be affected by product quality, fluid properties and composition, operating parameters, maintenance practices, and technology type. gas or degasified hydrocarbon gas for households and public, utilities adjusting the measured gas volume, and displaying the, amount of consumed gas on the meter indicator with the ability. These are the most common type of gas meter, seen in almost all residential and small commercial installations. Reference Rotary Gas Meters EFS-R are intended for installation on reference calibration rigs for calibration and verification of gas meters of any type with air as operating environment. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly.